Principles of Statistics

Statistics: General Principles; Probability: Definitions and meanings; Types of variable; Probability Distributions.

Sampling: Estimation; Parameters vs Statistics; Standard Error; Confidence Limits; Sampling: Definitions and Methods; Sampling Error and Bias, Study Designs, Exercise

Comparison of samples: Test of significance vs comparison of summary indices; Comparison of samples: Possible Biases; Binary Variables; Test of Significance; Binary Variables: Summary Indices; Test for trend - Multinomial variables; Binary Variables: Stratified Analyses; Introduction to Multivariate analysis; Logistic Regression. - Exercise

Introduction to survival analysis (Survival data): Incidence, Hazard, Cumulative Incidence; Survival Curves (Kaplan Meier); Log Rank Test, Exercise

Introduction to multivariate survival analysis (Cox’s model); Pooled analyses, Metaa-analyses, Systematic Reviews; Exercise, Continuous variables: comparison of distributions. Non-parametric tests; Multivariate Models; Correlation & Regression

Sensitivity, Specificity and Predictive Value of a test; Screening theory; Exercise; Clinical Research in rare diseases and Bayesian Statistics